Monetizing the App Store

| 636 days ago

Moible AppsMaking money from apps is the next challenge in the mobile space

By Rohit Dadwal, Managing Director, Mobile Marketing Association Asia Pacific Limited

Applications are the next big thing in the world of mobile. Small, agile programs that add to the functionality of mobile phone and other mobile devices like tablets, these applications, or apps for short, are letting individuals do more, and more easily than ever before. Much of the increased functionality of mobile devices, including greater connectivity, data transfer and rich media content streamed over the mobile Internet comes from apps.

Apps are quite unique in that they allow mobile phone manufacturers to create devices with a baseline level of utility, include a certain number of basic apps, and then leave the rest of the device to the users. Users can select apps for themselves, according to how they themselves intend to use their devices, offering an unprecedented level of personalization and customization.

The main innovation with apps, aside from their existence, is how they are being marketed to consumers. Pioneered by Apple, all the major operating systems have their own stores – Apple’s is called the App Store, Google has the Android Market, Nokia has its Ovi Store, and so on. These stores act as central repositories for apps, letting users purchase apps regardless of the telcos who provide their data and voice connections. This, naturally, is problematic – the app store economy is a complex one that cuts telcos and device manufacturers away from the possible revenue stream. Telcos still benefit, of course, since increased online activity translates into a higher demand for data bandwidth – which can also be problematic, since competition between telcos is simultaneously driving the cost of data down. The app store operators have also gotten different policies about the content of their stores, which speaks to the potential for monetization through apps.

Apple, for example, has a firm grip on the iTune App Store – no apps appear without going through Apple’s approval process, and apps must also adhere to Apple’s terms and conditions. Most recently, Apple has caused some controversy by insisting that magazine and newspaper apps only include the ability to subscribe through the app itself, at a rate that must be identical to subscriptions by other means, for which Apple must receive its standard 30% fee.

This policy also extends to the purchase of ebooks, which crippled companies such as Kobo and Amazon, whose reader apps included the ability to purchase ebooks from within the app. Having to give Apple 30% of each ebook price, above and beyond whatever part of the ebook cost that the companies were going to get. Apple’s insistence that offerings through the store should be priced the same as elsewhere effectively prevented the ebook distributors from creating special pricing that would take care of the additional cost of offering books through their apps, and eventually the apps were updated with the purchasing functionality taken out.

The problem, essentially, is how to make money from apps, given the low cost and consumer resistance towards high pricing. Most apps are priced below US$10, with the majority being priced far below that mark. There have been several approaches to app monetization. Some brands have created their own branded apps, offered free, that include catalogue/purchasing information and the possibility to buy product through the app itself. Other branded apps display advertisements for the brand itself, alongside some similar functionality, e.g. car ads displayed alongside a driving game that gives some of the “flavour” of driving a luxury vehicle.

Some of the burden of app monetization has been taken up with in-app advertising, small clickable banners that are displayed to users as they use apps, often subsidizing the cost of the app itself so that the app can be used for free. Some apps are offered through the freemium model, where the initial app includes ads but costs nothing, but a more expensive version exists without the advertisements, or where a game is free to play but in-game enhancements (character costumes, new abilities, special weapons) can be purchased with real money.

All of these are partial solutions to the app monetization puzzle, and only time will tell which one will work the best for consumers. For the moment, app developers and publishers are functioning largely through trial and error facing great uncertainty as to how to make money off the apps they have so lovingly created.



Author

About Rohit Dadwal

Rohit Dadwal is the Managing Director of the Mobile Marketing Association (MMA) Asia Pacific Limited. Rohit oversees the MMA’s activities in Asia Pacific, managing the operations out of its regional headquarters in Singapore. Rohit has extensive expertise in the economics of mobile, direct and digital marketing, consumer privacy and the government regulation of markets. A highly visible industry advocate with over 17 years of experience in the internet, digital and mobile spheres. An enthusiastic evangelist of mobile marketing, Rohit sits on the board of the Digital Advertising Alliance (DAA) and is an Advisor for the Internet and Mobile Marketing Association of the Philippines (IMMAP) and IDBYTE. Rohit also sits on numerous corporate advisory boards of MMA’s member companies.

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    All points relevant to the monetization of the app is well put by arjunram. 

    One app or the other has made money in all segments quoted. What will be interesting is to see utility apps targeted for the Indian market making money once the payment enablers gain momentum. This will open up opportunities for more people to solve Indian specific problems. 

  157. arjunram says:

    As rightly suggested by Aneth & Preetham – there have been two approaches to building businesses on the mobile

    - Spray and paint either a sector or set of apps and hope one catches. With that approach, u end up iterating fast.
    - Second approach is to look at the mobile as extension of your service and focus on it and iterate. This is a longer process where the chance of success is lower and takes time. But when it catches fire – it does.

    As for strategies on making money models – there are a few models, some rightly pointed by author
    - Pay per app (mostly utility or entertainment)
    - Freenium (Pay for premium features)
    - Ad models (3rd party ads)

    On the mobile users tend to pay for convenience. In-app purchases tend to cater to this segment. App referral networks are also starting to do well.

    Two issues that havent been addressed by the author

    - Platform issue.

    iOS has proven to be a good for businesses to make money. Users on that platform tend to open to paying. Brighter side of being a controlled environment.

    - Payment enablers

    Infrastructure for Operator billing & mobile wallets are just being put in place. The friction is huge because of gaps to enable payment. Once the friction is reduced more models will evolve.

    At the end of the day a user for a service or utility. The mobile ecosystem is evolving and maturing at a rapid pace. Education folks all around is going to key.

  158. gyani says:

    This question has been bugging me ever since the app space caught fire. Do these apps make money or is it only because of the developers interest that  they’re made. I’ve somehow believed that people will use apps only if they’re free (atleast in India). You need to provide something beyond the ordinary to attract people in India to pay for apps. This article certainly provided some answers.

  159. Thanks, Anenth for answering that. 

    Hi Vikram, Please take a look at the story that we did on Anenth’s company ideophone on YS http://yourstory.in/2011/09/yes-it-is-making-waves-in-138-countries-an-app-by-ideophone/ 

    Thank you! 

  160. Anenth Guru says:

    Most of the app developers “spray and pray” different models of monetization waiting for ecosystem to stabilize. As far I know, Rovio (maker of Angry Bird) is one of the few companies that made huge money by making their App paid in iOS and ad supported in Android.

  161. Vikram says:

    do you know of any app companies that managed to crack one or a combination of these models and are profitable?